When the transfer of Ukrainian property (assets, shares, real estate, etc) by non-residents to other non-residents generally ceased to be something extraordinary from the Ukrainian legal perspective, the respective Ukrainian tax consequences remained uncertain. This was especially so when the selling non-residents are legal entities. Due to these uncertainties, non-residents often prefer to structure their deals outside Ukraine, for instance, at the level of foreign holding companies and, as a result, the Ukrainian state does not obtain taxes it desperately needs to finance its own expenditure.